ảnh nền điện thoại

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A wallpaper or background (also known as a desktop background, desktop picture or desktop image on computers) is a digital image (photo, drawing etc.) used as a decorative background of a graphical user interface on the screen of a computer, điện thoại thông minh or other electronic device. On a computer, wallpapers are generally used on the desktop, while on a mobile phone they serve as the background for the home screen. Though most devices include a mặc định background image, modern devices usually allow users to tát manually change the background image.

The term "wallpaper" was used in Microsoft Windows before Windows XP (where it is called the "desktop background"), while macOS refers to tát it as "desktop picture". On older systems which allowed small repeated patterns to tát be phối as background images, the term desktop pattern was used.

History[edit]

The X Window System was one of the earliest systems to tát include tư vấn for an arbitrary image as wallpaper via the xsetroot program, which at least as early as the X10R3 release in 1985 could tile the screen with any solid color or any binary-image X BitMap tệp tin. In 1989, a không tính phí software program called xgifroot was released that allowed an arbitrary color GIF image to tát be used as wallpaper, and in the same year the không tính phí xloadimage program was released which could display a variety of image formats (including color images in Sun Rasterfile format) as the desktop background. Subsequently, a number of programs were released that added wallpaper tư vấn for additional image formats and other features, such as the xpmroot program (released in 1993 as part of fvwm) and the xv software (released in 1994).

The original Macintosh operating system only allowed a selection of 8×8-pixel binary-image tiled patterns; the ability to tát use small color patterns was added in System 5 in 1987.^[1] Mac OS 8 in 1997 was the first Macintosh version to tát include built-in tư vấn for using arbitrary images as desktop pictures, rather than vãn small repeating patterns.^[2]

Windows 3.0 in 1990 was the first version of Microsoft Windows to tát feature tư vấn for wallpaper customization, and used the term "wallpaper" for this feature.^[3] Although Windows 3.0 only came with 7 small patterns (2 black-and-white and 5 16-color), the user could supply other images in the BMP tệp tin format with up to tát 8-bit color (although the system was theoretically capable of handling 24-bit color images, it did so sánh by dithering them to tát an 8-bit palette)^[4] to tát provide similar wallpaper features otherwise lacking in those systems. A wallpaper feature was added in a beta release of OS/2 2.0 in 1991.^[5]

Due to tát the widespread use of personal computers, some wallpapers have become immensely recognizable and gained iconic cultural status. Bliss, the mặc định wallpaper of Windows XP, has become the most viewed photograph of the 2000s.^[6]

Animated backgrounds[edit]

Animated backgrounds (sometimes referred to tát as live backgrounds or dynamic backgrounds) refers to tát wallpapers which feature a moving image or a 2 chiều / 3 chiều scene as an operating system background rather than vãn a static image, it may also refer to tát wallpapers being cycled in a playlist, often with certain transition effects. Some operating systems, such as Android, provide native tư vấn for animated wallpapers.

Microsoft[edit]

Windows[edit]

Since Windows 7, modern Windows systems can be configured to tát cycle through pictures from a thư mục at regular intervals. Windows does not natively tư vấn animated backgrounds, however, third-party software can be installed to tát have full tư vấn for placing animated images, đoạn Clip files, 2 chiều or 3 chiều scenes, and trang web pages as wallpapers. Similar functionality can be found in the Active Desktop feature of Internet Explorer versions 4 to tát 6, which is included in Windows 95 OSR 2.5 through Windows XP. Windows Ultimate Extras (only offered in the Ultimate editions of Windows Vista) also includes Windows DreamScene, which allows videos of any supported format (including animated GIFs) as wallpapers.

Google[edit]

Android[edit]

Live wallpapers have been introduced in Android Eclair to tát provide native tư vấn for animated wallpapers. From a technical point of view, live wallpapers are software applications that provide a moving background image and may allow for user interaction or utilize other hardware and software features within the device (accelerometer, GPS, network access, etc.).^[7]

Apple[edit]

macOS[edit]

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macOS has built-in tư vấn, via the Desktop & Screen Saver panel in its System Preferences, for cycling through a thư mục collection of images on a timed interval or when logging in or waking from sleep. Since macOS Mojave, the user can also select a "Dynamic Desktop" that automatically updates to tát visually match the time of the day.^[8]

Additionally, macOS has the native ability to tát lập cập a screen saver on the desktop; in this configuration, the screen saver appears beneath the desktop icons in place of the system wallpaper. However, macOS does not feature a built-in interface to tát tự this; it must be done through Terminal commands or various third-party applications.^[9]

iOS[edit]

Dynamically animated backgrounds have also been introduced in iOS 7 and later versions, however they are restricted to tát the ones provided by Apple. Jailbroken iOS devices can tải về other dynamic backgrounds.

Linux / Unix[edit]

Linux distributions usually provides their own original backgrounds as well. For example, Debian put many alternative backgrounds under its system's /usr/share/backgrounds directory.

GNOME[edit]

GNOME 2 also can be phối to tát cycle through pictures from a thư mục at regular intervals, similarly to tát Windows 7.

MATE[edit]

MATE also provides various wallpapers, usually in system's /usr/share/backgrounds/mate directory.

KDE[edit]

KDE version 4 and later provide various dynamic wallpapers, including a slideshow, and other options provided by plugins, such as fractals and Earth map.

Enlightenment[edit]

Enlightenment v17 supports image sequences, animated and interactive desktop backgrounds in its mặc định configuration.

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See also[edit]

• Wallpaper group

References[edit]